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蒸汽噴射試驗機滿足測試規范汽車廠家：寶馬、奔馳、通用、大眾、福特、沃爾沃等規范（AA-0136、DIN 55662、ISO16925，DBL 7381，GM9531P、PV1503、VOLVO STD 423-0015，VOLVO VCS 1029 54719、FLTM BO 160-04、MS210-07，PSA D23 5376，Renault D25 2018/-A-2001 ，GMW16745-2012方法B，TPJLR-52.561-2009）
| The English language version is the original and the reference in case of dispute. | 英文版本為原件，出現爭議時應予以參考。 |
| TEST METHOD | 測試方法 | ||
| Adhesion, water spraying under high-pressure | 粘附性，高壓噴水 | ||
| Paints and enamels | 涂料和搪瓷 | ||
| Orientation | 簡介 | ||
| This issue differs from issue 1 in that an alternative for when scribing shall be made has been included. Furthermore, the manufacture of the spray nozzle has been specified, and the material for calibration has been changed. Handling after moisture exposure has been clarified. | 本版本與第1版的區別在于包含了劃線的替代方法。 此外，已經規定了噴嘴的制造程序，已經更改了校準的材料。已經澄清了暴露于潮濕環境后的處理程序。 | ||
| 1 Scope and field of application | 1 應用范圍和領域 | ||
| This test method is used for assessing the adhesion between paint films and between paint film and substrate respectively. The method is intended to simulate the strain and load that the paint films are subjected to during high-pressure cleaning. | 本測試方法用于評估漆膜之間以及漆膜和基材之間的粘附性。本方法預計用于模擬漆膜在高壓清洗條件下可能受到的應變和負載。 | ||
| 2 Apparatus and test object | 2 裝置和測試對象 | ||
| - Test equipment of high-pressure type, brand NIFAB, model HTT-1, or equivalent test equipment | - 高壓型測試設備，NIFAB牌、HTT-1型，或者其他等效測試設備 | ||
| Water pressure: | min. 150 bar | 水壓： | 低150巴 |
| Spraying distance: | 0-150 mm | 噴射距離： | 0-150mm |
| Sweeping frequency: | 1 sweep/s | 清掃頻率： | 每秒清掃一次 |
| Water temperature: | 50 ± 5 °C | 水溫： | 50 ± 5℃ |
| Spray nozzle: | No 2506 (flat jet 25°) Spraying Systems Co. | 噴嘴： | No 2506（扁平射流25°），由Spraying Systems Co.生產 |
| Lance length: | 300 ± 50 mm | 噴桿長度： | 300 ± 50 mm |
| Test piece holder withcentre hole, size of hole: | Æ 40 mm | 帶有中心孔的試樣固定器，孔徑為： | Æ 40 mm |
| - Test object |
| ||
| a) Test panel 100 x 200 mm of the substrate in question, surface coated with the relevant paint system. A minimum of two panels shall be tested. A minimum of three crosses distributed between the two panels shall be tested. | a) 測試面板，100 x 200 mm（相關基材）；表面涂有相關的涂料系統。至少測試兩塊面板。至少測試分布于兩塊面板之間的三道十字標記。 | ||
| b) Test part of the relevant substrate, surface coated with the relevant paint system. In order to have significant results, test pieces should be taken from different areas on at least two test parts. A minimum of four crosses shall be tested for each part. | b) 測試零件（相關基材），表面涂有相關的涂料系統。為了獲得顯著性結果，至少應從兩個測試零件上的不同區域采集試樣。每個零件至少測試四個十字標記。 | ||
| - Scribing tool, edge width 0,5 mm and geometry according to VCS 1021,29. |
|
| 3 Preparation for test | 3 測試準備 |
| The test panels shall be conditioned in accordance with VCS 1021,19. Before testing the adhesion, an initial paint damage shall be made on the test object by scribing two 0,5 mm lines using a scribing tool. The scribed lines shall be made down to the substrate, at right angles to each other to create a cross, see fig. 1. The scribed lines shall extend outside the test area. Each scribed line shall be approx 60 mm. A cross section of a scribed line is shown in fig. 2. IMPORTANT – The edges of the scribed lines must be at right angles to the substrate. | 應按照VCS 1021，19的要求對測試面板進行調節。測試粘附性前，應使用劃線工具在測試對象上劃兩根0.5mm的線，作為初始涂料損壞。劃線應向下劃至基材，并相互垂直以生成一個十字圖案，參見圖1。劃線應延伸至測試區域外。 每條劃線應約為60mm。劃線的橫截面如圖2所示。 重要信息——劃線的邊緣必須與基材垂直。 |
| 5 % flaking / flagning 5％的剝落 | 60 % flaking / flagning 60％的剝落 |
|
|
| B1 | B2 |
Fig. 1 Principle layout / Principskiss
圖1：原理布局
Fig. 2Cross section of sample with scribed line / Tvärsnitt av prov med rits
圖2：帶劃線的樣品的橫截面
| As the adhesion test is to be made after moistureexposure (wet adhesion), the test object shall first beexposed in a tropical cabinet in accordance withVCS 1027,33759 for the period specified in therequirement specification. | 由于粘附性試驗需在暴露于潮濕環境中之后進行（濕粘附性），測試對象應首先按照VCS 1027，33759的要求暴露于熱帶機柜中，暴露時間參照要求規格說明中的規定。 |
| For metal substrates, the testing shall be performedimmediately after exposure, without any recovery. Inpractice, this means that the panels can be storedmaximum 60 min in a vessel filled with water of roomtemperature to keep them humid until testing. Theshortest possible time shall be aimed for. | 對于金屬基材，應在暴露之后立即進行測試（無任何恢復）。在實踐中，這就意味著面板可在室溫條件下儲存在充滿水的容器中長60min，以便保持其在測試前的潮濕狀態。時間盡可能短。 |
| As far as plastics substrates are concerned, they shall be stored for 1 h in a constant-temperature controlled cabinet at standard atmosphere (23 ± 2 °C, 50 ± 5 % RH) instead of storage in a water-filled vessel. This shall be done to allow the material to recover. The testing shall then take place within approx. 15 min. | 如果涉及塑料基材，應在標準大氣環境中（23±2℃，50±5％RH）將其儲存在恒溫控制機柜中1h，而不是充滿水的容器。這樣做的目的是讓材料恢復。然后應在約15min內進行測試。 |
| The scribing shall be made prior to the moistureexposure. For metal with paint or other organicsurface coating, scribing can alternatively be madeafter moisture exposure. In the latter case, anagreement shall be made between test requester andtest responsible. The report shall state when thescribing was made. | 應在暴露于潮濕環境中之前進行劃線。對于帶有油漆或其他有機表面涂層的金屬，也可以在暴露于潮濕環境中之后進行劃線。對于后者，測試請求人和測試負責人應達成協議。報告中應說明進行劃線的時間。 |
| 4 Test procedure | 4 測試程序 |
| Place the test object in the test piece holder. Then fixthe test piece holder’s hole (∅ 40 mm) centrally abovethe initial damage. It is important that the scribedcross is correctly positioned in front of the jet, see fig.3. The following parameters apply; the nominal valuesare target values: | 將測試對象放在試樣固定器上。然后將試樣固定器的孔（∅40 mm）固定在初始損壞中心上方。將劃出的十字標記正確地放置在噴嘴的前方非常重要，參見圖3。下列參數適用；標稱值即為目標值： |
| − The water jet shall sweep over the test surface(± 20 mm) with an angle of deflection of 5,6° fromthe nozzle tube’s centre of rotation(N.B. – No parallel displacement) | − 噴水器應以5.6°的偏向角從噴嘴管的旋轉中心掃過測試表面（±20mm）（注意：無平行位移） |
| − Distance between nozzle and test surface (90°):100 ± 3 mm | − 噴嘴和測試表面之間的距離（90°）：100 ± 3 mm |
| − Water pressure: 120 ± 3 bar | − 水壓：120 ± 3 bar |
| − Water flow: 15,0 ± 0,3 l/min | − 水流量：15.0± 0.3 l/min |
| − Water temperature: 50 ± 5 °C | − 水溫：50 ± 5℃ |
| − Number of sweeps during 30 s: 30 ± 2 | − 30秒內的清掃次數：30 ± 2 |
| − Sweeping width: ± 20 mm (diameter of the testpiece holder’s centre hole) | − 清掃寬度：± 20 mm（試樣固定器的中心孔的直徑） |
| If the test panel temperature varies between thedifferent sprayings, the result can sometimes beinfluenced. Before spraying, the panel shall thereforebe of room temperature 18 - 28 °C. This applies toeach cross. | − 如果測試面板的溫度在不同噴水過程中發生變化，則有時會對結果產生影響。因此，在噴水前面板應為室溫（18-28℃）。該項要求適用于所有十字標記。 |
| 5 Assessment | 5 評估 |
| After completed test, the object shall be wiped dry and the extension of the paint damage shall be established. The test result shall be given in per cent flaked paint surface. 100 % is defined as the circular area (0 40 mm) centred on the scribed cross, see fig. 1, (1256 mm2) minus the scribed line area of 40 mm2. | 完成測試后，將測試對象擦干并確定油漆損壞的延伸。測試結果應以剝落的油漆表面的百分比給出。100％定義為以劃出的十字標記為中心的圓面積（Φ40mm），參見圖1（1256mm2），減去劃線的面積（40mm2）。 |
| The requirement shall be met for each scribed cross. Mean values for the entire part/panel shall NOT be calculated. | 每個劃出的十字標記均應滿足要求。不應計算整個零件/面板的平均值。 |
| 6 Report | 6 報告 |
| The test report shall include the following: | 測試報告應包含以下內容： |
| a) Type and designation of test material | a） 測試材料的類型和名稱 |
| b) Test result in per cent (for each test objectrespectively). Ranges can be given if the result is approved according to the requirement specification. The number of rejected samples shall be noted. | b） （每個測試對象對應的）測試結果，百分比。根據要求規格說明，如果批準了結果，則可以給出范圍。應記錄被拒絕的樣品的數量。 |
| c) Testing in accordance with VCS 1029,54719 | c） 按照VCS 1029，54719的要求執行的測試 |
| d) If scribing was performed before or after moisture exposure, if any | d） 劃線在暴露于潮濕環境中之前還是之后執行（如有）。 |
| 7 Calibration | 7 校準 |
| Unless otherwise specified, calibration and inspection of the nozzle’s spray pattern shall be made with an interval of 90 days. | 除非另有規定，否則應以90天的時間間隔執行噴嘴的噴射形式的校準和檢查。 |
| Calibration is performed by subjecting a test panel (approx. 100 x 200 mm) of low-density polyethylene as per STD 1211,05or equivalent material to high- pressure cleaning for 30 s without the use of a test piece holder. The nozzle must not oscillate. The following parameters apply: | 校準的執行方法為：對低密度聚乙烯測試面板（約100 x 200 mm）（按照STD 1211，05）或者其他等效材料執行高壓清洗30s，不使用試樣固定器。噴嘴不得振動。下列參數適用： |
| − Angle between nozzle and test surface: 90° | − 噴嘴和測試表面之間的夾角：90° |
| − Distance between nozzle and test panel: 100 mm ± 3 mm | − 噴嘴和測試表面之間的距離：100 mm ± 3 mm |
| − Water pressure: 120 bar ± 3 bar | − 水壓：120 bar ± 3 bar |
| − Water flow: 15,0 ± 0,3 l/min | − 水流量：15.0 ± 0.3 l/min |
| − Water temperature: 50 ± 5 °C | − 水溫：50 ± 5℃ |
| The nozzle’s spray pattern is determined by measuring the length and width of the damage on the test panel caused by the spraying as well as checking its appearance. | 通過測量測試面板上因噴水造成的損壞的長度和寬度，以及檢查其外觀等方式確定噴嘴的噴射形式。 |
| To be approved, the spray pattern shall be continuous, have a length of 63,0 ± 5 mm and a width of min 3,0 mm, and it shall be contained between two parallel lines, 7,0 mm apart (see fig. 4). | 待批準：噴射形式應連續，長度為63.0 ± 5 mm、寬度為3.0mm，并且其應處于兩條間隔為7.0mm的平行線之間（參見圖4）。 |
Fig. 3The cross mark shows schematically the position of the scribed lines cross damage in relation to the vertical flat jet.
圖3：十字標記以圖示的形式顯示了與垂直的扁平射流有關的劃線十字損壞的位置。
Fig. 4 Damage from spray
圖4：噴射造成的損壞
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