采用光電元件作為檢測元件的傳感器。它首先把被測量的變化轉(zhuǎn)換成光信號的變化，然后借助光電元件進(jìn)一步將光信號轉(zhuǎn)換成電信號。光電傳感器一般由光源、光學(xué)通路和光電元件三部分組成。由光通量對光電元件的作用原理不同所制成的光學(xué)測控系統(tǒng)是多種多樣的,按光電元件（光學(xué)測控系統(tǒng)）輸出量性質(zhì)可分二類,即模擬式光電傳感器和脈沖（開關(guān)）式光電傳感器.模擬式光電傳感器是將被測量轉(zhuǎn)換
      德國SICK施克中國辦事處傳感器的發(fā)展：成連續(xù)變化的光電流,它與被測量間呈單值關(guān)系.模擬式光電傳感器按被測量（檢測目標(biāo)物體）方法可分為透射（吸收）式,漫反射式,遮光式（光束阻檔）三大類.所謂透射式是指被測物體放在光路中,恒光源發(fā)出的光能量穿過被測物,部份被吸收后,透射光投射到光電元件上;所謂漫反射式是指恒光源發(fā)出的光投射到被測物上,再從被測物體表面反射后投射到光電元件上;所謂遮光式是指當(dāng)光源發(fā)出的光通量經(jīng)被測物光遮其中一部份,使投射剄光電元件上的光通量改變,改變的程度與被測物體在光路位置有關(guān). 光敏二極管是zui常見的光傳感器。光敏二極管的外型與一般二極管一樣，只是它的管殼上開有一個(gè)嵌著玻璃的窗口，以便于光線射入，為增加受光面積，PN結(jié)的面積做得較大，光敏二極管工作在反向偏置的工作狀態(tài)下，并與負(fù)載電阻相串聯(lián)，當(dāng)無光照時(shí)，它與普通二極管一樣，反向電流很小（<&micro;A），稱為光敏二極管的暗電流；當(dāng)有光照時(shí)，載流子被激發(fā)，產(chǎn)生電子-空穴，稱為光電 光電傳感器載流子。在外電場的作用下，光電載流子參于導(dǎo)電，形成比暗電流大得多的反向電流，該反向電流稱為光電流。光電流的大小與光照強(qiáng)度成正比，于是在負(fù)載電阻上就能得到隨光照強(qiáng)度變化而變化的電信號。
      德國SICK施克中國辦事處傳感器的發(fā)展：光敏三極管除了具有光敏二極管能將光信號轉(zhuǎn)換成電信號的功能外，還有對電信號放大的功能。光敏三級管的外型與一般三極管相差不大，一般光敏三極管只引出兩個(gè)極——發(fā)射極和集電極，基極不引出，管殼同樣開窗口，以便光線射入。為增大光照，基區(qū)面積做得很大，發(fā)射區(qū)較小，入射光主要被基區(qū)吸收。工作時(shí)集電結(jié)反偏，發(fā)射結(jié)正偏。在無光照時(shí)管子流過的電流為暗電流Iceo=（1+β）Icbo（很小），比一般三極管的穿透電流還小；當(dāng)有光照時(shí)，激發(fā)大量的電子-空穴對，使得基極產(chǎn)生的電流Ib增大，此刻流過管子的電流稱為光電流，集電極電流Ic=（1+β）Ib，可見光電三極管要比光電二極管具有更高的靈敏度。
1032673 DRS60-C1A00500 INCR DRS60-C1A00500 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032674 DRS60-E1B03600 INCR DRS60-E1B03600 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032675 ARS60-HAA16384 ABSO ARS60-HAA16384 ABSOLUTE ENCODER SINGLETURN
1032678 ARS60-FAL00360 ABSO ARS60-FAL00360 ABSOLUTE ENCODER SINGLETURN
1032679 DRS60-A4B00150 INCR DRS60-A4B00150 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032683 DGS60-A1R02048 INCR DGS60-A1R02048 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032684 DRS60-A1R00512 INCR DRS60-A1R00512 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032685 DRS60-F4A00500 INCR DRS60-F4A00500 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032687 ARS60-ADM32768 ABSO ARS60-ADM32768 ABSOLUTE ENCODER SINGLETURN
1032688 DGS66-GAM00360 INCR DGS66-GAM00360 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032689 DGS60-G4L02000 INCR DGS60-G4L02000 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032690 DRS60-C4M00708 INCR DRS60-C4M00708 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032692 ATM60-A4A0-K02 ABSO ATM60-A4A0-K02 ABSOLUTE ENCODER MULTITURN
1032693 ATM60-A1A0-K01 ABSO ATM60-A1A0-K01 Absolute Encoder Multiturn
1032694 ATM60-A4A0-K03 ABSO ATM60-A4A0-K03 ABSOLUTE ENCODER MULTITURN
1032695 ATM60-A4L0-K01 ABSO ATM60-A4L0-K01 ABSOLUTE ENCODER MULTITURN
1032896 ATM90-PTF11X13 ABSO ATM90-PTF11X13 ABSOLUTE ENCODER MULTITURN
1032898 ATM90-PXF11X13 ABSO ATM90-PXF11X13 ABSOLUTE ENCODER MULTITURN
1032902 ARS60-A1R01024 ARS60-A1R01024 ABSOLUTE ENCODER SINGLETURN
1032903 ARS60-A1R04096 ARS60-A1R04096 ABSOLUTE ENCODER SINGLETURN
1032904 ATM60-A4A0-K04 ABSO ATM60-A4A0-K04 ABSOLUTE ENCODER MULTITURN
1032905 ATM60-A4A0-K05 ABSO ATM60-A4A0-K05 ABSOLUTE ENCODER MULTITURN
1032908 DRS60-F4A00045 INCR DSR60-F4A00045 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032910 DGS66-CAM02000 INCR DGS66-CAM02000 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032911 DGS66-GVN00500 INCR DGS66-GVN00500 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032912 DRS60-CDL06500 INCR DRS60-CDL06500 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032913 DRS60-CDL08191 INCR DRS60-CDL08191 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032914 ARS60-ADM32767 ABSO ARS60-ADM32767 ABSOLUTE ENCODER SINGLETURN
1032915 ATM60-A4N12X12 ABSO ATM60-A4N12X12 ABSOLUTE ENCODER MULTITURN
1032916 DGS66-AVL01024 INCR DGS66-AVL01024 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032917 DRS60-A4B00360 INCR DRS60-A4B00360 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032918 DGS65-GAA00360 INCR DGS65-GAA00360 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032922 DRS60-A4B00025 INCR DRS60-A4B00025 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032924 DGS66-GAM01000 INCR DGS66-GAM01000 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032925 ATM60-A1N12X12 ABSO ATM60-A1N12X12 ABSOLUTE ENCODER MULTITURN
1032926 DRS60-EAR00333 INCR DRS60-EAR00333 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032927 ATM60-A1A0-K03 ABSO ATM60-A1A0-K03 ABSOLUTE ENCODER MULTITURN
1032928 DRS60-EDK00100 INCR DRS60-EDK00100 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032930 ARS60-F1B04096 ABSO ARS60-F1B04096 ABSOLUTE ENCODER SINGLETURN
1032931 DGS60-A4A00900 INCR DGS60-A4A00900 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032932 ARS60-F4A00120 ABSO ARS60-F4A00120 ABSOLUTE ENCODER SINGLETURN
1032933 DRS60-EAA00060 INCR DRS60-EAA00060 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032934 DGS65-GAA00512 INCR DGS65-GAA00512 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032935 ARS60-A4M04096 ABSO ARS60-A4M04096 ABSOLUTE ENCODER SINGLETURN
1032936 DRS60-A4K04500 INCR DRS60-A4K04500 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032937 ARS60-A4K01440 ABSO ARS60-A4K01440 ABSOLUTE ENCODER SINGLETURN
1032938 DGS66-CAM01000 INCR DGS66-CAM01000 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032939 DRS60-AAK00016 INCR DRS60-AAK00016 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032940 DGS60-G4S00100 INCR DGS60-G4S00100 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032941 DGS65-AAL03600 INCR DGS65-AAL03600 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032942 DGS60-G4T01800 INCR DGS60-G4T01800 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032943 DGS60-G4B02048 INCR DGS60-G4B02048 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032946 DRS60-A1K07421 INCR DRS60-A1KO7421 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032947 DRS60-A1K04453 INCR DRS60-A1K04453 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032948 DGS66-GVL00100 INCR DGS66-GVL00100 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032949 ATM60-A4A0-K06 ABSO ATM60-A4A0-K06 ABSOLUTE ENCODER MULTITURN
1032950 DRS60-E4R00010 INCR DRS60-E4R00010 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032951 DRS60-E4R00100 INCR DRS60-E4R00100 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032952 DGS60-C4L00500 INCR DGS60-C4L00500 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032953 DRS60-E4R00200 INCR DRS60-E4R00200 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032954 ATM60-A1A0-K04 ABSO ATM60-A1AO-KO4 ABSOLUTE ENCODER MULTITURN
1032955 DGS66-GVN00250 INCR DGS66-GVN00250 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032956 DRS60-C4R00100 INCR DRS60-C4R00100 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032957 DRS60-FDA00004 INCR DRS60-FDA00004 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032958 ARS60-F4R01000 ABSO ARS60-F4R01000 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032959 ARS60-H4L01024 ABSO ARS60-H4L01024 ABSOLUTE ENCODER SINGLETURN
1032960 DRS60-EAB00150 INCR DRS60-EAB00150 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032961 ARS60-FDM00360 ABSO ARS60-FDM00360 ABSOLUTE ENCODER SINGLETURN
1032962 ARS60-A4M06000 ABSO ARS60-A4M06000 ABSOLUTE ENCODER SINGLETURN
1032963 DRS60-E4K00300 INCR DRS60-E4K00300 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032964 DGS60-A4T01800 INCR DGS60-A4T01800 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032965 DRS60-EAK05625 INCR DRS60-EAK05625 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032966 DRS60-E4K00024 INCR DRS60-E4K00024 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032967 DGS60-A4M00180 INCR DGS60-A4M00180 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032968 DGS60-A4R02500 INCR DGS60-A4R02500 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032969 ATM60-A4A0-K08 ABSO ATM60-A4A0-K08 ABSOLUTE ENCODER MULTITURN
1032970 DRS60-E4K00203 INCR DRS60-E4K00203 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032971 DRS60-EDA03250 INCR DRS60-EDA03250 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032972 DRS60-EAA00100 INCR DRS60-EAA00100
1032973 DRS60-AAK00750 INCR DRS60-EAA00100 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032974 ATM60-A1A0-K05 ABSO ATM60-A1A0-K05 ABSOLUTE ENCODER MULTITURN
1032975 DRS60-A1A07200 INCR DRS60-A1A07200 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032976 DGS60-G4T01000 INCR DGS60-G4T01000 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032977 ARS60-J4K01440 ABSO ARS60-J4K01440 ABSOLUTE ENCODER SINGLETURN
1032978 DGS60-G4M00256 INCR DGS60-G4M00256 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032979 ATM60-A1A0-K06 ABSO ATM60-A1A0-K06 ABSOLUTE ENCODER MULTITURN
1032980 DGS60-A4S01000 INCR DGS60-A4S01000 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032981 DRS60-CDK04096 INCR DRS60-CDK04096 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032982 ATM60-A4A0-K09 ABSO ATM60-A4A0-K09 ABSOLUTE ENCODER MULTITURN
1032983 DRS60-C4B04096 INCR DRS60-C4B04096 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032984 DRS60-A1A03913 INCR DRS60-A1A03913 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032985 DGS60-A4N00500 INCR DGS60-A4N00500 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032986 DGS60-A4N01000 INCR DGS60-A4N01000 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032987 DGS66-AAL04096 INCR DGS66-AAL04096 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032988 DRS60-D1M00720 INCR DRS60-D1M00720 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032989 ATM60-A1A0-K07 ABSO ATM60-A1A0-K07 ABSOLUTE ENCODER
1032990 ATM60-A4L0-K02 ABSO ATM60-A4L0-K02 ABSOLUTE ENCODER
1032991 DRS60-EAA02000 INCR DRS60-EAA02000 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032992 DRS60-AAM02048 INCR DRS60-AAM02048 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032993 DRS60-E4M00060 INCR DRS60-E4M00060 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032994 ATM60-A4A0-K10 ABSO ATM60-A4A0-K10 ABSOLUTE ENCODER MULTITURN
1032995 DRS60-E1R00100 INCR DRS60-E1R00100 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1032996 ARS60-FAK00512 ABSO ARS60-FAK00512 ABSOLUTE ENCODER
1032997 ATM60-A4A0-K11 ABSO ATM60-A4A0-K11 ABSOLUTE ENCODER MULTITURN
1032998 ATM60-A4K0-K02 ABSO ATM60-A4K0-K02 ABSOLUTE ENCODER
1032999 ATM60-A1A0-K08 ABSO ATM60-A1A0-K08 ABSOLUTE ENCODER MULTITURN
1033000 DGS60-G4B00020 INCR DGS60-G4B00020 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1033001 DGS66-AAM01000 INCR DGS66-AAM01000 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1033002 ATM60-AAK0-K01 ABSO ATM60-AAK0-K01 ABSOLUTE ENCODER MULTITURN
1033003 DRS60-A1B00500 INCR DRS60-A1B00500 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1033004 DGS65-AAA00250 INCR DGS65-AAA00250 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1033005 ATM60-A1A0-K09 ABSO ATM60-A1A0-K09 ABSOLUTE ENCODER MULTITURN
1033006 ATM60-A1K0-K01 ABSO ATM60-A1K0-K01 ABSOLUTE ENCODER MULTITURN
1033007 DRS60-C1R01400 INCR DRS60-C1R01400 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1033008 ATM60-A4K0-K03 ABSO ATM60-A4K0-K03 ABSOLUTE ENCODER MULTITURN
1033009 DGS60-G1R00100 INCR DGS60-G1R00100 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1033010 DRS60-AAA06144 INCR DRS60-AAA06144 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1033011 ATM60-A4A0-K12 ABSO ATM60-A4A0-K12 ABSOLUTE ENCODER MULTITURN
1033012 DRS60-C4K00100 INCR DRS60-C4K00100 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1033013 DRS60-EAM02000 INCR DRS60-EAM02000 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1033014 ATM60-P4H0-S01 ABSO ATM60-P4H0-S01 ABSOLUTE ENCODER MULTITURN
1033015 DRS60-EDL00050 INCR DRS60-EDL00050 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1033016 ARS60-HAL00512 ABSO ARS60-HAL00512 ABSOLUTE ENCODER SINGLETURN
1033017 DGS66-ATK08192 INCR DGS66-ATK08192 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1033018 DRS60-C1M01800 INCR DRS60-C1M01800 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1033019 ARS60-HDK03600 ABSO ARS60-HDK03600 ABSOLUTE ENCODER SINGLETURN
1033020 DGS60-E4B03600 INCR DGS60-E4B03600 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1033021 DGS60-E1A01024 INCR DGS60-E1A01024 INCREMENTAL ENCODER
1033022 DGS60-G4R00300 INCR DGS60-G4R00300 INCREMENTAL ENCODER