Research on the critical pressure ratio for safety valve
Associate Professor Li Ming Lecturer Zhou Guofa (Nanchang University, Nanchang 330029)
Abstract:The formula of the critical pressure ratio for safety valve is proposed. The experiment results show that the critical pressure ratio for safety valve is affected by the critical pressure ratio of nozzle and the resistance coefficient of valve disc, safety valve is always in sub-critical flow state because the resistance coefficient of valve disc is to big.
由式(7)可知,安全閥臨界壓力比rbcr主要受噴管臨界壓力比rcr與閥瓣流阻系數f的影響。當閥瓣流阻系數f增加時,由于噴管臨界壓力比為常數,則安全閥臨界壓力比將減小。由此可見,安全閥臨界壓力比隨閥瓣流阻系數增加而減小。當流阻系數增加到某一臨界值時,則安全閥臨界壓力比將減小到零。如果閥瓣阻力系數超過該臨界值,由于閥瓣流阻系數過大,安全閥無法達到臨界流動狀態,而*處于亞臨界流動狀態。所以要安全閥存在臨界流動狀態,則安全閥臨界壓力比應不小于零,即rbcr≥0 ,此時閥瓣流阻系數應滿足f≥2/k。對于空氣,k=1.4,f≤1.43。由此可見,安全閥若處于臨界流動狀態,其閥瓣流阻系數f不能超過1.43。為了確定安全閥究竟是處于臨界流動狀態還是亞臨界流動狀態,筆者對A42Y-1.6C DN40和A42Y-1.6 C DN50這2種安全閥閥瓣流阻系數進行了試驗測試,圖2為閥瓣流阻系數與安全閥壓力比試驗關系曲線,圖中h為*開啟高度,y為試驗開啟高度。試驗結果表明,全啟式安全閥閥瓣流阻系數均超過1.43。于是可以斷定,即使安全閥的進口壓力較大,安全閥均由于閥瓣阻力壓降過大,而達不到臨界流動狀態,因此,安全閥一般處于亞臨界流動狀態。